Pipe-bending mechanism



' G.P'. McAnTHun.

PIPE BENDING MECHANISM! APPLICATION man Ngv, 2, 191s. 1,353,168, PatentedSept. 21, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

l f l Ar uml/Er rss reim orties.l

GEORGE r. Merinfriiun, or nocirinnsn, PENNSYLVANIA.

PIPE-:BENDING MnoHANrsM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

'Patented sept. 2,1, 1920.

` Application fiiea November 2, i918. serial No. 260,774.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, Groen a citizen of theUnited States, residing at Rockledge, in the county' of Montgomery and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in I/ipe-Bending Mechanism, whereof the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention was designed to bend copper elbows and the primary object and effect thereof is to. enable unskilled manual la# borers to produce productV heretofore requiring the labor of skilled copper smiths.

Ioweveig I do not desire to limit mys lf to such use of my invention. I

As hereinafter described, my mechanism includes two die elements, between which.

the pipe is engaged and bent, by relative movement of said elements.

a toric die channelA extending circumferentially iii said face, a quadrant of ai circle,

and adapted to receive substantially one! half of the diameter of the pipe' to be bent.

I provide means at one end of said channel to rigidly clamp the end of the pipeV which is to be bent; so that said pipe will bend into said channel when traversed by the other die element, which is a roller having a toric channel in its circumference comple-- mentary to the toric channel in said die frame. pipe, in concentric relation Ywith the die channel in said frame, by a lever which is y fulcrumed in coaxial relation with said cylindrically curved die face and of such length that the bending operation may be rapidly effected manuallyr by a single unskilled operator walking in. a path concentric with saidv fulcrum 'and pushing` said lever before him.

My invention includes the various novel features of construction and arrangement hereinafter more definitely specified. For

instance, although, as' exemplified by onej forni of my invention hereinafter described, the die Yframe may be made in integral rela? tion with a base which is provided withthe fulcruni for the lever; such a. form necessitates the construction of a base for each pattern of die frame. Therefore, I find it convenient to provide a single base with a single lever, and a plurality of die framesY of dif- P. McAlwin-5.a,Y

Gne of said elements, which I term a die frame, is a cast-V ing having a cylindrical curved face, withV Said roller is caused to traverse thev fis an inner end elevation thereof.

ferent patterns 'which may be interchangeably secured upon thebase, and a plurality of coniplemen'ary die rollers which may be interchangeably mounted upon the lever, and also to provide clamping mechanism in which shoes respectively conforming to different sizes of pipe, be interchangeably iitted, as hereinafter described.

In the drawings; Figure I is a plan View of a bending mechanism embodying my invention, wherein die frames of different sizes may be interchangeably employed.

Fig. IIis a fragmentary, vertical sectional view of said mechanism, takenlon the line II'iiiY` Fig; I.

Fig. III s aplan view of a bending mech-v anism embodying my invention, wherein the die frame is in integral Yrelation with the base. y

Fig. IV is av fragmentary vertical sectional view of the mechanism shown in Fig. III,

ltalrenon the line IV in Fig. III.v

Fig. V isa racial sectional View of a die trame and a die roller-of a smaller size than those shown in Figs. I and II, but adapted to be interchangeably mounted on the base and lever shown in `said Figs. I and II. y

Ii I is a vertical sectional View of a clampingl shoe, corresponding in size with and Vclamping shoe, shown in Figs. I and attached to the die frame.

rig. viiil Referring to the form vof my invention shown in Figs. I and II; the base l, which] VVbel secured on said base, yby bolts 3 engaging bolt holes 4, so as to form arcual series ofdiiferent curvatures, in accordance' with Vthe sizes of the die frames which they are adapted to interchangeably support on saidV base. The die frame 7 is ,detacliably mountedv on said` pedestals, conveniently Jheld by bolts 8, and has the cylindricallyy curved face 9' with its axis, at the point l0,

extending vertically and normally with respect to said base, and with the toric die channel V12 extending circumferentially iii said face, adapted to receive .substantially one-half 'of the diameter ofthe pipe to be bent. The yoke lugs 14 on said frame 7, at respectively opposite edges of said channel 12, near one end thereof, are adapted for detachable connection, by the bolts 15, with a pipe clamping device, including the yoke 16 extending substantially radially with respect to said axis; Said yoke conveniently includesV a pair of AU-shaped wrought metal plates havingperforated ends 17 respectively fitted to said frame lugs 14. The filling blocks 18 are rigidly secured between said plates, in the respective limbs of said yoke 16, and each has a rib 20 extending radially with respect to said axis, inwardly with respect to said yoke, and in parallel relation. Howcveigi-t is to be understood that said yoke a-nd ribs may be cast in unitary relation. In either case; 'said yoke 16 may have its ends secured to the yoke lugs, upon either side of the latter; that is to s y; either on the Louter side, nearest the outer end of said channel 12, as shown in Figs. I and III, or on the inner side' o.i said lugs, toward the middle of the `length of said channel; the yoke being thus adjustable circumferentially upon the die frame 7 in accordance with diiferent sizes of die rollers employed, as hereinafter de scribed; it being desirable, in some instances, to clamp the pipe to be bent, as closely to the roller as possible. The clamping shoe 21 is fitted 'to slide in said yoke 16, radially with respect to saidaxis, and has the grooves 22 ittedto said ribs 20; the torio channel 24 complementary to said channel in said die frame 7; and the screw threaded socket extending radially in `said shoe toward the bight in said yoke 16. The cap screw 26 is adjustably fitted in said .socket 25 and the set screw 27, in said shoe, is arranged to hold said cap screw 26 in adjusted position. The clamping lever 29 has the eccentric head 8O extending between -said plates oit the yoke 16, in opposition to said cap screw 26, Yand is fulcrumed on the bolt 81 extending through Asaid plates and lever.

I ind it convenient to provide the springs 33 and 84, connecting said yoke 16 and shoe 21 respectively above and below the center of said shoe, the lower spring 34, having` its end connected to said yoke above the level of its connection with said shoe, whereby said spring counter-balances part of the weight of said shoe, and both springs tend to withdraw said shoe 21 from said die frame T, in opposition to said lever head 30.

In the form of my invention shown in Figs. I and II; I iind it convenient to secure the primarily separate standard 36, upon said base 1, by the bolts 37, `as a support for the fulcrum bolt 39, in coaxial relation with said die face 9, as the fulcrum for the bending lever 40, which, as shown in Fig. II, is bifurcatcd and has only the Aupper one of its bifurcations fulcrumed on said bolt 39. Said lever has oppositely alined pintle slots 42 and 48, `respectively in its upper and lower bifurcations, the axes of said slots being parallel with said frame axis., and the upper slot being wider than the "lower slot. baid lever 40l also has the radial screw threaded socket 45 in its bight. The pintle 46 extends in said slots 42 and 48 with its axis Aparallel with the axis of 'said frame; the lower end of said pintle being of reduced diameter to tit the narrower slot 43; such construction and arrangement being merely to support the pintle in operative position and permit it to be readily manually removed by merely lifting it, to inser-t or remove the die roller 48 which is mounted to rotate on said pintle 46 4and has the toric channel 49 in its circumference, complementary to said torio channel 12 in said die frame 7. The U-shaped roller housing 50 is fitted to slide between the bifurcations of .said lever 40, parallel therewith, and has perforations 51 in its limbs to receive said pintle 46; said limbs ybeing respectively interposed between said roller and the bifurcations foffsaid `bending lever 40. `@aid roller housing 50 has the cylindrical plunger bearing @extending radially in its bight as a journal for. the inner -end of the rotary housing vplunger 53 which has the screw thread 54 fitted insaid screw socket 45 ofsaid lever 40. Said plunger is preferably provided with the wrench hold 56 at its outer end, whereby it may be conveniently rotated, and has the nut 57 on its reduced and screw threaded inner end 58. A pi-n 59, or other suitable means, may be provided to prevent accidental displacement of said nut. It is Vto be understood lthat said roller 48 may be adjusted toward and awayV from said kdie face -9 by rotation of said plunger 58 in said bending lever 40, so as to coperatively embrace the :pipe 60 between said die elements 7 and 48,'in such relation as to permit said roller 48 to traverse said curved face 9 when said lever is turned upon its fulcrum 39 aforesaid. f

In order that the leverage to which the die roller is subjected may be varied in accordance with the work to be performed, which varies within wide limits, in accordance with the diameter and thickness of the pipe which is to be bent; I find it convenient to supplement the shortlever 40 above described, with a tubular extension 61, which may be a piece of standard wrouo'ht iron pipe, which is merely slipped over said plunyger 53 so that it may be instantly removed to permit adjustment ofthe latter.

In the formv of my invention shown in Figs. III and IV; the base 63 is in unitary relation with the die frame 64 and with the standard 65 which supports the fulcrum bolt 67, upon which the bending lever 68 is fulcrumed. Otherwise, the construction, arrangement, and method of operation'thereof, are as above described.

Referring to Fig. V; the die frame 7lv is similar tothe die. frame 7 above described, but has a toiic die channel 72 for smaller size pipe 73, in its face 74 which is an arc of a smaller circle than said face 9. The die roller 75 which is complementary toA said die frame 7l, is similarto the die roller 48', above described, but has a smaller sized toric die channel 76.

Referring to Fig. VI; the clamping shoe-V 7 8 is similar-to the clamping shoe 2l above described, but is of smaller size, in correspondence with the die elements 7l and 7 5, with which it is designed to coperate.

The mechanism shown in Figs. I, II, and VII. may be conveniently operated as follows: The cap screw 26 is adjustably fitted in said socket 25 so that when the 'clamping lever 29 is upturned to vertical position, said shoe Qlis retracted by the springs 33 and 84 to: permita straight, cutlength, of pipe tobefreely inserted between the die frame 7 and the -roller a8 which is brought up against the oke 16, bythe lever 40, for that purpose. aid clamping lever 29 is then turned down to horizontal position; the ec- Vceiitricity of its lhead 30 being such vas -to properly. clamp said pipe 60 by movement of said lever to that extent. Thereupon, the operatorA pushes the bending lever 40,'by its tubular extension 61, so as to cause'the die roller 48 to traverse said pipe 60, in concentric relation withthe axis of the die frame 7, to` the extent necessary to bend the pipe It is to be underT 60 tothe desired degree. stood that, A although the` die frame 7 is designed to -permit `a pipe to be bent in its.

smaller die frame71 and its coperative elements, Afor thosevshown upon the base l` in Figs. I and II; it is merely necessary to remove the bolts connecting thev pedestalsV 2 with the base l and die frame 7; secure the pedestals in theV desired newarcual'iela-tion upon said base, with the die frame 71 thereon; remove the pintle 46 and die roller 48, substitutethe die: roller 75,l replace said pintle in engagementV therewith, substitutethe clamping shoe 78 for the clamping shoe 2l; and adjust the housing plunger 53,-if necessary.

Therefore, I do notfdesire to limit myself Vto the precise details of construction andarrangement hereinvsetfortlnas it is obvious that various modiiications'may be made Y therein without vdeparting from the essential features of my invention as defined in the appended claims.

desired to substitute` theiciaimi v' 1 l 1. In a pipe bending mechanism, the -com- 'l bination with a base; of an arcual series of I independently adjustable pedestals on' said base; a die frame detachably mounted on said pedestals, and having a cylindrically curved face, with its axis extending vertically with respect to. said base and with .ai toric die channel extending circumferentiallyv in said face, adapted to receiveV substantially one-half ofthe diameter of the pipe to Abe bent; yoke'lugs on said frame, at respecand filling blocks between said plates, in the respective limbs of said yoke;each`of. said blocks having a rib extending radially with respect to said axis;lsaid ribs extending inwardly with respect to said yoke, andin parallel relation; a clamping shoe fitted to slide inv said'yoke, radially with .respect tol said axis, having grooves fitted to saidV ribs, a channel complementary to the channel in said frame, a screw threaded socket extend' ing radially in said shoe toward the bight in said yoke, a cap screw 'adjustably tted tric head extending betweensaid. plates, in

opposition to said cap screw; a fulcrumfbolt extending through said Vplates .andv lever;v springs Vconnecting saidyoke and 'shoe iter spectively above and below lthe 'center ofV in said socket, and a set screw in said shoe said shoe,'the lower one of said springs having its end connected to said yoke above the level of its connection with vsaid shoe, whereby, said spring counterbalances Vpart ofV the weight ofsaidshoe, and bothv springs tend Y* to withdraw said shoe from said die, in op- -position to said'leverh'eadra fulcrumbolt Y for a bending lever in said'n frame incoaxial relation with sai'd die* face.;fa 'bifurcated Y bending lever -having one of itsbifurcations fulcrumed on said bolt and having opposite' pintle slots in itsbifurcations with their "iio axes parallel with said frame axis, the upper slot being widerthan the Alower slot, said` lever having a radial ,screw threaded socketiniits bight; a pintle extending in said slots with its axis parallel with the axis of said frame, the lower end of said pintle being of 'c a reduced-diameter to t the narrower slot; a.

die .rollerinounted to rotate onV saidvpintle and having a torio channel in its circumference complementary tofthetoric-lchannelf between said roller and the bifurcations of said lever, and having a cylindrical plunger bearing extending radially in its bight; a housing plunger having a screw thread fitted in the screw thread of said lever, having a wrench hold at its outer end, and having its inner end reduced and mounted to turn in the bearing in said housing bight; a nut on the reduced end of said plunger; and nieans preventing accidental displacement of said nut; whereby ,said roller may be adjusted toward and ,away from saidfdie face, by rotation ofzsaid plunger in said bending lever; and `a tubular handle, detachably fitted .over said plunger; whereby said roller may be caused to traverse said die face to bend a pipe `held by :said `clamping shoe.

2. In a pipe bending mechanism, the come bination with a base'; of a .die frame having a Icylindilically .curved face, with its axis extending vertically `with respect to said base and with a'toric die channel extending circuinferentially in said face, adapted to receive substantially one-half ofthe diameter of the pipe to be bent; a pipeV clamping device, including a LUL-shaped yoke extending substantially radially `with respect -to said axis, its limbs having respective ribs extending in parallel relation, and radially to said axis; clamping shoe vfitted to slide in said yoke, on said ribs, having a channel complementary to the channel in said frame, and a screw threaded socket extending radi ally in said shoe toward the `bight in said yoke; la screw adjlustably fitted in said socket; a .clamping lever -having ,an eccentric head extending in said yoke, in opposition to said screw; :a Ifulciirm bolt extending through said yoke and lever; .a spring connecting-said yoke and shoe, tending to withdraw said shoe from said die, 'in opposition to said lei/'1er head; .a `fulcrum on said base, in coaxial relation with said die face; `a bifurcated bending lever on said fulcrum, having opposite pintle slots inits bifurcations with Ytheir axes parallel with said frame axis, :and a radial screw threaded socket in 'its bight; .a pintle extending in said slots with its axis parallel with the axis of said frame; :a .die roller mounted to rotate on said pintle and having a toric channel in its circumference .complementary to the toric channel in said die frame; a :roller housin fitted to slide `in said lever, carrying sait :pintle and having a cylindrical plunger Vbearing extending radially in its bight; a

housing plunger vhaving a screw threadV fitted in the screw socket of said lever, and having its 'inneriend mounted to turn inthe bearing in said housing bight; `whereby said roller may be adjustedtoward and away from said die face,V by rotation of said plunger in said bending lever.

3. vIn a pipebending'mechanism, the combination with a base; of a die frame havopposition to sai-d screw; a spring connectf ing said yoke and shoe tending :.to withdraw said shoe from said die, in opposition to said leve'r; a fulcrum on said base, in coaxial re lation with said ldie face; a 'bending .lever on said fulcru-m having a screw thirfeadedV socket radial to said axis ;Y a pintle carried by said ybending lever with its vaxis parallel with the axis of said frame; a die roller mounted vto rotate .on said pint'le and'having a toric channel in its. circumference complementary to the toric channel in said die frame; .a roller housing xfitted to slide on said lever, having bearings for Asaid pifntle, and having a cylindrical plunger bearing.; and a housing plunger havinga screwthread fitted in the screw socket of said bendingA lever, and having its inner end journaled in the bearing in said Shousing; whereby said rollerv may be `adjusted toward .and away from said -diev face, by rotation of said plunger in said bending lever.

Il. In a pipe'bend-ing mechanism, the -.com. bination with a base; of a die frame having a curved face, with its'axisextending vertically with respect to -said-basegand with a die channel kextending .in said face, adapted to receive part ofthe pipe `to be bent; a Vpipe clamping device, including a clamping shoe vfitted to .slide radially with respect to said axis, having a vchannel Icom- Vplementary to the channel in said frame and a screw threaded socket; a screw adjustably fitted in said socket; a clamping'llever conF nected to .said frame in opposition to :said screw; a spring tending to withdraw said shoe from said Ydie in opposition toF-said lever; a fulcrum on said base, in coaxial relation with said die face; a bending lever on said fulcrum, having ra screw threaded socket radial to said axis; a'piintle carried by saidrbending lever with its axis parallel with. the axis of said frame; a `die :roller mounted to rotate on said `pintle and having a channel in its circumference complementary to the channel in said die frame; .-aV d bearing in said housing; whereby said roller may be adjusted toward and away from said die face, by rotation of said plunger in said bending lever.

5. In a pipe bending mechanism, the combination with a base; of a die frame having a curved face, with its axis extending normally to saidy base and with a die channel extending in said face, adapted to receive part of the pipe to be bent; a pipeclamping device, including a clamping shoe fitted to slide radially with respect to said axis, having a channel complementary to the channel in said frame; a clamping lever connected to said frame in opposition to said shoe; a spring tending to, withdraw said shoe from said die, in opposition to said lever; a fulcrum on said base, in coaxial relation with said die face; a bending lever on said fulcrum, having avscrew threaded socket radial to said axis; a pintle carried by said bending lever with its axis parallel with the axis of said frame; a die rollerface, by rotation of said plunger in said` bending lever.

6. In a pipe bending mechanism, the combination with a die frame having a cylindrically curved face and a toric die channel extending circumferentially in said face, adapted to receive substantially one-half of the diameter of the pipe to be bent; of a pipe clamping device, including a clamping shoe adjustable toward and away from said die frame, and having a channel complementary to the channel in said lframe; a clamping lever arranged to shiftsaid shoe toward said frame; a spring tending to withdraw said shoe from said die in opposition to said' lever; a fulcrum in coaxial relation with said die face; a bending lever on said'ul- Crum, having a screw threaded socket radial to said axis; a pintle carried by said bend ing lever with its axis parallel with the axis of said frame; a die roller mounted to ro-Y tate on said pintle and having a channel in its circumference complementary to Jthe channel in said frame; a roller housingiitted to slide on said lever, having bearings for said pintle, and having a cylindrical plunger bearing; and a housing plunger having a screw thread fitted in the screw socket of said bending lever, and having its inner end journaled in the bearing in said housing; whereby said roller'may be ad Vthe diameter of the pipe to be bent; `ofa pipe clamping device, including a clamping shoe adjustable toward and away from said die frame, and having achannel .com `plementary to the channel in said frame; a

clamping lever arranged to shiit'said Vshoe toward said frame; a fulcrum in coaxial. relation with said die face; a bending lever on said ulcrum, havingfa screw threaded 'socket'radial to said axis; a pintle carried by said bending leverwith itsv axis parallel with the axis of Asaid frame; a die roller mounted to rotate on said pintle andhaving Y a channel'in its circumference complementary to the channel in said die frame; a roller housing fitted to slide on said lever, having bearings Jfor said pintle, and having a cylindrical plunger bearing; and -a lionsL ing plunger' having a screw thread fitted in the screw socket of saidbending lever, and

having its inner end journaled in the bearing in said housing; whereby said roller may be adjusted toward and away from said die face, by rotation of said plunger'in said bending lever. l

8. In a pipe bending finechanism, the combination with a base; o f an arcual series of independently adjustable pedestals-on i said base; a die frame detachably mountedA on said pedestals, and having acurved face, with its axis extending normally to said frame and with a die channely extending circumferentially vin saidv face, adapted to rcceive substantially one-half of the diameter of the pipev to be bent; a pipe clamping device, including ak yoke extending substantially radially with respect to said frame; a clamping shoe, adjustable'in said yoke, radially with respect lto said axis, having a channel complementary tothe channel in said frame and a screw threaded socket; a screw adjustably fitted in said socket; 1 a

clamping lever fulcrumed on said yoke, hav

ing an eccentric in opposition to said screw; springs connecting said yoke and shoe respectivelyA above and below the center of 4said shoe,`the lower one ofsaid springs having its end connected to said yoke above the level of itsconnection withsaidshoe, whereby.l

said. spring counterbalances lpart of 'the weight of said shoe, and both springs tend to withdraw said shoe from said die, in op.-

position to said lever'head; a ulcrum bolt for abending lever in said frame in coaxial relationwith said die face; a bifurcated Ybending lever havin-0, onev of its bi urcatonsfulcrumed on said bolt haviso.

ing opposite pintle slots in its bifurcations with their axes parallel with said iframe axis, the upper slot being wider thanvthe lower slot, said .lever having a radial screw threaded socket in its bi'ght; a pintle veX- tending in said slots with its axis lparallel with the axis of said frame, the lower kvend of said pintle being of vreduced diameter to fit the narrower slot; a die roller mounted to rotate on said :pintle andfha-ving 1a vtoric channel in its circumference complementary to thetoricchannel in said die frame; a'U- shaped roller housing fitted to slide "between the bifurcations-'of said lever, parallel @therewith, having perforations in its limbs toreceive said pintle vand having its limbs respectively interposed between said rollerfand the bifurcations of said lever, and 4havinga cylindrical plunger bearing extending radially in its bight; a housing `plunger having a screwthread fitted in the screwithr'ead of said tleverhaving a wrench holdiat :its outer end, andhaving its inner end reduced and mountedto turn inthe bearing insaid housing bight; asnut'on thereduced'endof said plunger; and `means preventing accidental displacement -of said nut; whereby said roller may be adjusted :toward ,and away from said die face, by irotation of `said plunger' in said bending lever;landiatubular handlepdetachably fitted over said plunger.; whereby said roller may be ycaused to trav'- erse said die face to bend a pipefheldby said clamping shoe.

9. In a pipe bending mechanism bination `with a base; of a die fra a cylindrically curved face, with i tending vertically with respect te said base and with la -toric'die channel extending circumferentially in said face,.adapted to receive substantially one-*half of the diameter of the pipe to be bent; a pipe clamping device, including a Ueshaped yoke extending substantially radially with respect to said axis, its limbs liavin0-respective ribs extending in vparallel relation, and radially to said axis; a clamping shoe fitted to slide in said yoke, on said ribs, having a channel complementary to the channel in said frame, and a screw threaded socket extending radially in said shoe toward the bight in said yoke; a screw adjustably fitted in said socket; a clamping lever having an eccentric head `extending in said yoke, in opposition 'te said screw; a fulcrum for said lever, on said yoke; a fulcrum on said base, ineoaxial relation with said die face a bending lever on said base fulcrum; 'and a die roller, carried by said bending lever, having a torio-channel in its ycircumference complementary to the channel in vsaid die frame. Y

10. In `a pipe bending mechanism, the combination with a die frame having a arves face anda die channel extending circumferentially in saidface vof a pipe ciamping device near one end of said die channel; a yiiulcruni in coaxialAz-relation with said 'die face; -a bifurcated bending lever'on Vsaid fnlcrum, having opposite pintlefslots -inits bifurcations with .their laxes parallel with Vsaid frame aXisVth'eupperslot being wider than the lower slot and vsaid leverrharving a radial screw threaded socket initsfbiglht-pa lpintle extending in said slots with itsiaxis parallel 'with the axis of said frame; the lewer end of said pintle 'being of duced diameter te itthe vn'arrowerf slot lv a fdief roller mounted 'to rotate v4on said pi-ntie @and h'aving a 'channel in Vits circumference comple- -entarytothe channel in saiddife 'framegm bifurcated .relier i housing :fitted `to slide y'ibetween'thefbifnrcations of said lever, Vhaving axially lalined bearings {in 'f' ib'ifurcL 'ions fer said p-intle, having its lfbi :urcations irespectively interposed"betweenis` idlrollervand tl ebifurcations ofsi" lever, and hav nga cyh fdfrical plunge'r'learing zextending Tadi- -ally 'in Aits high-t; land a housing plunger halving a :screw thread 'fitted 'in Lthe fsooket =o`ff saidben'r n.glever, andfhaving its innerg'end mountedtot urn in: said-bealri ng in1sai`dhousing; whereby :said lroll'er may be adjustedtoward fand i away Lfromsaid fdie ifa'ce, by lrotation of said p'lunger'insaiid fbending le'ver.

lil. ln 'a pipe bending rne'chani the combination 'with a base 0fI an farcu series of 'independently adjustable pe'd'esta-lfs -fon said base; fa die 'framefd'etachab'l-y 'moii-n'te'd on sai d pedestalsyand havinga'curved 'f ce,

its "i, s extending 'normally with vgreet to said base, and with a die channel -Y tending circuinferentiall-y in said face, adapted to receive the pip'eito belbentya nlcrum on said base, in v'coaxial ire'la'tlion wi n said die face; a 'bending leve'rvon -fsaid fulcrum and 'a die roller-mounted 'to `rdt'at'e i'on said bending lever, Ehaving ychannel5in its circumference, complementary `vto Ithe `channel in saidrdie frame; and Ameansdetachably securing said'rollerfon said bending lever; whereby die A'frames-"of -diifeientsizes maybe interchangeably 'mounted upon said pedestals, and Adie rollers loffcorresp'endpingly different sizes, maybe interchangeably gmounted Yupon said bending lever.

i2. in a pipe clampingdevice, die 'frame having a channel ladapted 'to frecei've substantially one-half of the diameter offthe pipe to be clamped, and having `yoke ilugs at respectively opposite ledges of said Ychan# nel; a yoke extending substantially fnormallv` roo having grooves fitted to said ribs, a channelY complementary to the channel in said frame, a screw threaded socket extending radially in said shoe toward the bight in said yoke, a cap screw adjustably fitted in said socket, and a set screw in said shoe arranged to hold said cap screw in adjusted position; a clamping lever having an eccentric head extending between said plates, in opposition to said cap screw; a ulcrum bolt extending through said plates and lever; springs connecting said yoke and shoe respectively above and below the center of said shoe, the lower one of said springs having its ends connected to said yoke above the level of its connection with said shoe, whereby, said spring counterbalances part of the weight of said shoe, and both springs tend to withdraw said shoe from said frame, in opposition to said lever head..

13. In a pipe clamping device, a die frame having a channel adapted to receive substantially one-half of the diameter of the pipe to be clamped, and having yoke lugs at respectively opposite edges of said channel; a yoke extending substantially normally to said channel, having perforated ends respectively iitted to said frame lugs, each limb of said yoke having a rib; said ribs extending inwardly with respect to said yoke, and in parallel relation; a clamping shoe fitted to slide in said yoke, having grooves fitted to said ribs, a channel complementary to the channel in said frame, a screw thread'- yed socket extending radially in said shoe toward the bight in said yoke, a screw adjustably fitted in said socket; a clamping lever having an eccentric head extending in opposition to said screw; a ulcrum bolt extending through said yokeand lever; and springs connecting said yoke and shoe respeetively above and below the center of said shoe, the lower one of said springs having its end connected to said yoke above the level of its connection with said shoe, whereby, said spring counterbalances part of the weight of said shoe, and both springs tend to withdraw said shoe from said frame, in opposition to said lever head.

14. In a pipe clamping device, a die Vframe having a channel adapted to receive substantially one-half of the diameter of the pipe to channel, having perforated ends respectivelyA fitted to said rame lugs; a clamping shoe litted to'slide 1n said yoke, havingL a channel complementary to the channel in said frame,

a screw threaded socket extending radially in said shoe toward the bight in said yoke, a screw adjustably fitted in said socket; a clamping lever having an eccentric head in opposition to said screw; a fulcrurn bolt extending through said yoke and lever; and a spring connecting said yoke and shoe, tending to withdraw said shoe from said frame, in opposition to said lever head.

15. In a pipe clamping device, a die frame having a channel adapted to receive part of the pipe to be clamped, and having yoke lugs; a yoke having perforated ends respectively i'itted to said frame lugs; a clamping shoe itted to slide in said yoke, having a channel complementary to the channel inl said frame, a screw threaded socket extending radially in said shoe toward the bight in said yoke, a screw adjustably fitted in said socket; a clamping lever having an eccentric head in opposition to said screw, and a fulcrum in said yoke.

16. In a pipe clamping device, a die frame having a channel adapted to receive part of the pipe to be clamped; a U-shaped yoke extending substantially normally to said channel; clamping shoe fitted to slide in said yoke, having a channel complementaryto the cha nel in said frame; a clamping lever liai'f'ing eccentric head in opposition to said shoe, and a fulcrum on said yoke; an element adjustable between said shoe and lever, arranged to vary the eifect of said lever on said shoe; and a spring connecting said yoke and shoe tending to withdraw said shoe from said frame, in opposition toy said lever head.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name at Philadelphia, Pennsyl- Vitnesses:

ARTHUR E. PAIGE, CAROLYN E. REUTER. 

